Assessing Speaking: Issues in School-Based Assessment and the Introduction of Speaking Tests into the Japanese Senior High School Entrance Examination

Page No.: 
117
Writer(s): 
Tomoyasu Akiyama, University of Melbourne

This paper discusses ways of bridging a gap between teaching and assessment practice, focusing on the assessment of speaking skills in Japanese junior high school contexts. Through discussion of the assessment of speaking skills and based on a questionnaire survey, this paper identifies issues pertaining to the assessment methods of speaking skills employed by junior high school teachers. Based on the results of the survey, and on the concept of a task bank proposed by Brindley (2001), trial speaking tests were developed and piloted with 219 junior high school students. Results were analysed using Rasch techniques, and indicated that, although items across four speaking tasks fit Rasch measurement, differences of task difficulty between combinations of tasks might have an impact on student performance. The paper argues for the need to build up the task bank with relatively consistent tasks and discusses issues of the introduction of a formal speaking test in the senior high school entrance examination.

本研究は理論的枠組みをusefulness (Bachman & Palmer, 1996) をよりどころとし日本の中学英語教育の授業内容、教師による評価、入試問題の連携の欠如を「話す能力」に焦点を絞り考察した。その考察から高校入試にスピーキングテストを導入することは理論的に正当性があるということが判明した。また中学の英語教師(199名)へのアンケートの結果より中学教師の話す能力を評価する問題点、及び、高校入試にスピーキングテストを導入する必要性を論じた。また中学生(219名)に実施されたスピーキングテストのデータをラッシュ手法で分析した結果により、スピーキングテストを高校入試に導入する場合にはBrindley (2001)の提案した‘task bank’の概念が必要であることを論じた。最後に授業内容、評価、入試問題を意味のある連携にするためにはどのようにすればよいかを提案した。
 

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